relatively rare, and tend to happen only on high-profile projects with star directors, when the director can make a genuine claim to be the originator (or an important one of several originators) of the programme concept.

Expert advice on these and related points may be obtained by PACT members only, from the PIRS at (tel) 44 (0)207-830-6600 or (e-mail) pirs@pact.co.uk. PACT members can also see model contracts for the engagement of directors on the PACT website at http://www.pact.co.uk.